Part the hero perseus in greek mythology was the son of danae and zeus, who had turned into a stream of gold in order to get into her chambers. Histories by herodotus translated by george rawlinson book 6 erato. The four elements of national identity in herodotus martin. This is really the first complete work of ancient greek ive ever read. It was a greek hero, bellerophon, who tamed and used pegasus in battle. The prerogatives of the spartan kings in declaring war and leading the army 5556.
Greek text with facing vocabulary and commentary, 2nd ed. Nevertheless in our zeal for freedom we will defend ourselves to the best of our ability. Herodotus recounts this story, devising a foreign son, perses, from whom the persians. Perseus collection herodotus search for documents in search only in herodotus. Written in 440 bc in the ionic dialect of classical greek, the histories serves as a record of the ancient traditions, politics, geography, and clashes of various. He beheaded the gorgon medusa for polydectes and saved andromeda from the sea monster cetus. The four elements of identity are either present or absent, to varying degrees, and a people are correspondingly either strong or weak. Macaulay, 1890, full text etext at the history of herodotus, parallel englishgreek. The history of herodotus by herodotus, part of the internet. But the story is long, lets start with the beginning. The book also illuminates greek views of themselves and of peoples from the east, the the battle of salamis was the first great and unexpected victory of the greeks over the persian forces under xerxes, whose defeat had important consequences for the subsequent history. Discovering artemis in greek myth can help us learn more about the.
In its first logos, we witness the naval engagement on the sea between aphetae and artemisium. Herodotuss history is an account of the grecopersian wars 499479 bce and the story of the growth and organization of the persian empire. He was the son of the argive princess danae who was locked away in a bronze chamber by her father akrisios acrisius who lived in fear of a prophecy that he would one day be killed by her son. Herodotus bilingual anthology studies herodotus in print table of contents book 1 clio book 2 euterpe book 3 thaleia book 4 melpomene book 5 terpsichore book 6 erato book 7 polymnia book 8 urania book 9 calliope. It is in part a gripping and much revered tale of colossal confrontation between freedomloving greekspeaking peoples the athenians, spartans, and others and the seemingly unstoppable forces of the persians. Perseus is the son of zeus and danae, only child and daughter of king acrisius of argos. This battle forms the centrepiece of book viii of herodotus histories.
The internet classics archive the history of herodotus by. Herodotus book i bryn mawr commentaries greek edition. But as regards agreements with the barbarian, do not attempt to persuade us to enter into them, nor will we consent. There are several greek cities on the shores of the black sea, where people have a more or less decent life style.
Against this amasis then cambyses the son of cyrus was making his march, taking with him not only other nations of which he was ruler, but also hellenes, both ionians and aiolians. He was favoured by the gods because, in his quest to defeat medusa, he was given a lot of equipment by. The internet classics archive the history of herodotus. To read the history herodotus only book is to seek ones roots as a member of western democratic civilization. The history of herodotus, volume 1 by herodotus full text. Perseus, athena and head of medusa, apulian redfigure krater c4th b. Estimates of the year of his birth are based on the observation that in the histories, he does not claim to have witnessed the persian invasion that took. Herodotus was born at halicarnassus, on the southwest coast of asia minor, in the early part of the fifth century, b. Its front and back matter are pretty minimal, but thats fine. He received a mirrorlike shield to take on his journey. The first book of the histories, called clio this is the showing forth of the inquiry of herodotus of halicarnassos, to the end that 1 neither the deeds of men may be forgotten by lapse of time, nor the works 2 great and marvellous, which have been produced some by hellenes and some by barbarians, may lose their renown. Estimates of the year of his birth are based on the observation that in the histories, he does not claim to have witnessed the persian invasion that took place in 480. Here begins book iii of herodotus histories, being the continuation of the narative from book ii.
The history of herodotus, volume 1 by herodotus full. The nine books of herodotus histories, translated by g. Herodotus, the histories, book 8, chapter 1, section 1. He was, alongside cadmus and bellerophon, the greatest greek hero and slayer of monsters before the days of heracles. Summary of and commentary on herodotus histories, book 8.
Greek mythologyheroesperseus wikibooks, open books for. Clio, euterpe, thalia, melpomene, terpsichore, erato, polymnia, urania, and calliope in that order. Before his birth, it was predicted by the oracle of apollo that he would kill his grandfather. In the histories, he describes the expansion of the achaemenid empire under its kings cyrus the great r. Herodotus was an ancient greek historian who lived in the fifth century bc c. He stresses the differences from greek religious behavior, with the persians exhibiting a natural and primeval form of religion. Herodotus 1 greek and latin texts with facing vocabulary. The history of herodotus, parallel englishgreek, tr. July 20 this link contains a free pdf copy of herodotus book i. Perseus perseus facts and information on the greek hero. Being the second book of the famous history of herodotus london.
Then when all their belongings had been removed out of. The histories is considered the first work of history in western literature, and was written in the ionian dialect of ancient greek, ca. The history of herodotus book i the first book of the histories, called clio this is the showing forth of the inquiry of herodotus of halicarnassos, to the end that1 neither the deeds of men may be forgotten by lapse of time, nor the works2 great and marvellous, which have been produced some by hellenes and some by barbarians, may. Greek and roman arabic germanic 19thcentury american renaissance richmond times italian poetry. A greek folk etymology connected perseus to the name of the persian people, whom they called the persai from old persian parsa persia, a persian. Homer, iliad, book 1, line 1 perseus digital library. It is in part a gripping and much revered tale of colossal confrontation between freedomloving greek speaking peoples the athenians, spartans, and others and the seemingly unstoppable forces of the persians. The opening logos of book four tells about their way of life. We will fight against him without ceasing, trusting in the aid of the gods and the heroes whom he has disregarded and burnt their houses and their adornments.
Cambyses, the son of this lady and of cyrus, regarding the ionian and aeolian greeks as vassals of his father, took them with. He is known for having written the book the histories greek. Herodotus first gives a description of the country, which he knows as a green pasture, bordered in the north by large stretches of snow. Perseus has been falsely associated as being a rider of pegasus, the winged horse. It has long been noticed that, besides firmament, sun, and moon, herodotuss persians adore the four fundamental elements of early greek natural. Perseus, famous greek demigod, the slayer of medusa and. He was known for his vigorous strength, incredible bravery and slaying two of the most ferocious monsters, known as medusa, the youngest of the gorgons, and cetus, the sea monster of poseidon.
At this moment chrysaor, the giant with a golden sword, and the winged horse pegasus sprang forth from her body. He has been called the father of history, and was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically, test their accuracy to a certain extent and arrange. Book 1 book 2 book 3 book 4 book 5 book 6 book 7 book 8 book 9 6. Histories 8 by herodotus meet your next favorite book. The book moves ahead in a majestic trajectory to ultimately describe the persian greek war, with xerxes leading his great force into greece. As an infant he was cast into the sea in a chest with his mother by acrisius, to whom it had been prophesied that he would be killed by his grandson. Its history and symbolism are discussed in friedlander 1945. He travelled widely in most of asia minor, egypt as far as assuan, north africa, syria, the country north of the black sea, and many parts of the aegean sea and the mainland of greece. Jun 11, 2016 the four elements of identity are either present or absent, to varying degrees, and a people are correspondingly either strong or weak. Euterpe on the death of cyrus, cambyses his son by cassandane daughter of pharnaspes took the kingdom. The hero perseus in greek mythology was known as the one who killed the medusa, saved andromeda and founded the city of mycenae. The statue of this goddess has the form of a woman but with horns like a cow, resembling thus the greek representations of io. The story of the greek resistance to persian tyranny is the story of the selfrealization and selfactualization of a people.
Each guest should have a present for the celebration, but perseus had nothing to give. All search options view abbreviations home collectionstexts perseus catalog research grants open source about help. The native name of this people, however, has always had an ain persian. Well, as complete as 1 book of the histories can be. Greek mythologyheroesperseus wikibooks, open books for an. Herodotus, the histories, book 1, chapter 1, section 0 perseus. Bce herodotus was a resident of halicarnassus modern bodrum in turkey and wrote the histories of herodotus, a greek history of the persian invasion of greece in the early fifth century bce. Hdt prefers the greek version, which makes the dorians egyptians and traces their family back only as far as perseus 53. Herodotus has 366 books on goodreads with 124197 ratings. Perseus was considered as one the most famous and popular heroes in greek culture. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in. Polydectes asked perseus to slay and behead the gorgon medusa and bring back her head as his gift.
Greek text with facing vocabulary and commentary 2nd ed. The barbarians reached aphetae early in the afternoon, and then saw as they had previously heard reported that a fleet of greek ships, weak in number, lay at artemisium. Herodotus covers the empires geography, social structure, and history before describing the events which led to xerxes invasion of greece and the greek citystates uniting to defeat his army. Perseus perseus facts and information on the greek hero perseus. Cassandane had died in the lifetime of cyrus, who had made a great mourning for her at her death, and had commanded all the subjects of his empire to observe the like. Click anywhere in the line to jump to another position. Herodotus the great greek historian was born about 484 bce, at halicarnassus in caria, asia minor, when it was subject to the persians. Herodotus, the histories, book 1, chapter 1, section 0. On the lefthand page, there is a scanned image of the oxford greek text. Herodotus provides detail on many aspects of this conflict, which the greeks eventually won, after battles at thermopylae, salamis, and platea. Greek researcher, often called the worlds first historian. Background and book 1 background herodotus 480after 430 bce halicarnassus where herodotus was from, very cosmopolitan place widely traveled, especially egypt lived in athens under pericles ruler of athens thurii helped found this place, an artificially created international city in southern italy. The four elements of national identity in herodotus. Guided by the goddess, perseus raised the sickle and violently struck off medusas head.
Perseus the hero slayed medusa, the only mortal of the gorgon sisters, by viewing her in the reflection of the mirrored shield of athena. Urania the greeks engaged in the seaservice were the following. Perseus was the son of zeus and danae, the daughter of acrisius of argos. Online books about this author are available, as is a wikipedia article herodotus. In book 1 of the iliad, thetis visits olympus to meet zeus, but the meeting is postponed, as zeus and other. Herodotus says the persians call this female goddess mitra 1. To his utter amazement, a goldensworded soldier and a winged horse sprung out of her neck medusa s two unborn children, conceived during her union with the sea god poseidon at a time when she was still a beautiful mortal. The hestia tapestry is a byzantine tapestry, made in egypt during the 6th century ad. Meanwhile histiaeus, tyrant of miletus, who had been allowed by darius to leave susa, came down to sardis. Written in 440 bc in the ionic dialect of classical greek, the histories serves as a record of the ancient traditions, politics, geography, and clashes of various cultures that were known in western asia, northern.