Take photos of excavation hazards, schedule inspections for your officials in the field, and generate pdf. Thats now the accepted procedure for most projects, from singlefamily homes to roads and commercial jobs. Chapter 3 section 303 earthwork design 5 august, 2011 separate quantities for mdc are included in the plans, but mdc quantities are paid for as part of unclassified excavation. Earthwork shall consist of all necessary site clearing and grubbing, excavation and backfill for structures and trenches, site grading, grassing and restoration, as well as related work as shown on the plans and as specified herein. Eb 15025 page 5 of 30 the same standard sheet earthwork transitions and benching details describes the proper treatment of the transverse transitional embankment foundation at the interface. Excavation procedure a22895 page 8 of 12 incident reporting all nearmisses, accidents, incidents or damage to in ground services relating to the excavation covered by a ppa permit must be reported immediately. Ask the utility companies or owners to establish the location of underground installations prior to the start of excavation work. The powerful heavy equipment, used to best advantage by a skilled operator, is a joy to behold. Timing of task to be advised subject to contractor appointment. Planning the excavation 161 erosion control 170 grading and compaction 174 fine trimming the subgrade 177 10 excavating commercial sites.
The excavation does not include class y excavation or the excavation made for a structure as set out in section 206. Work crews in the excavation are the minimum number needed to perform the work. Earthwork construction and layout topic i 2 earthwork construction and layout introduction the earthwork section is the typical starting point anyone starting to prepare for the construction. This procedure provides a standardised framework for the control of excavation, earthwork and filling to ensure compliance with conditions of contract and contract specifications. Issue date n60 balla to claremorris method statement. Excavation has a number of important applications including exploration, environmental restoration, mining and construction. Waterway excavation consists of excavation and the proper disposal of material encountered in the clearing of the waterways, making channel changes, or a combination of the two. Excavation and basement construction introduction in general, excavation means to loosen and. They also prepare for the foundations of buildings and. Thats now the accepted procedure for most projects, from singlefamily homes to roads and.
Further addition in knowledge and experience in field of geotechnical engineering brought the need for revision and amalgamation of various relevant. It requires skilled manpower and specialized tools and equipments for excavating the rocky ground. Measurements a measurements of earthwork will be taken by cross sectional measurements. General earthwork procedure topsoil surface runoff scribd. If the bid schedule indicates a lump sum for earthwork, the lumpsum method of measurement and payment will be in accordance with section 01 20 00 price and payment procedure, article 1. This method consists of averaging the cut and fill quantities of adjacent stations and. Excavation work generally means work involving the removal of soil or rock from a site to form an open face, hole or cavity using tools, machinery or explosives. Trench excavation, backfill and trench surface restoration, as well as clearing and grubbing, are. Excavation and trenching procedures 2 p a g e 32018 policies, programs and procedures benching benching system a method of protecting employees from caveins by excavating the sides of an. General earthwork procedure free download as word doc. Excavation and basement construction introduction excavation.
In case of cross sectional measurements the following deductions shall be made. Earth excavation and grading can be a fascinating part of a construction project. Chapter 2 earthwork 201 clearing, grubbing, and roadside cleanup ss 201. Trenching and excavation safety occupational safety and.
Section 2 earthworks standard specification for urban infrastructure works 25 edition 1, revision 0 september 2002 formation, ensure that the stream is a broad sheet flow which crosses roughly at. The traditional method used to calculate embankment and excavation. Mar 11, 20 there are several ways of calculating earthwork but the most common is the average end area method. Some of the procedures, field tests, and other operating procedures as described within these pages may be different than actual onsite. Today, most owners, engineers and architects request excavation bids based on the cubic yards moved. When this occurs, no individual measurements are required. In case depth of excavation is more than 2m allow a step 50 cm wide on all sides or alternatively provide a slope of 1 vertical.
Manual of procedures for earthwork construction volume i. Work procedure for excavation at constr uction site involves understanding of centre line and excavation drawings, setting out of plan on ground, excavation of soil and removal of excess soil. Excavation, earthwork and filling method statement planning. There are several ways of calculating earthwork but the most common is the average end area method. Many times excavation in rocks are required for foundation of structure. Its common for the actual amount of dirt moved to be more or. Generally, procedures for stockpiling are left to the discretion of the contractor. Excavation safety standard operating procedures summary. The project engineer should go over the slope treatment procedure with the contractor at the beginning of the excavation operation to. Before any earthwork activities take place on site, piezometers, inclinometers and settlement plates will be installed to allow constant monitoring of the groundwater levels and ground movement in and. Excavation shall extend a sufficient distance from walls and footings to allow for placement and removal of forms, installation of services, and for inspection, except where concrete is authorized by the district engineer to be deposited directly against the excavated surface. Trenching and excavation safety 5 contact and notify the utility companies or owners involved to inform them of the proposed work within established or customary local response times.
Excavation shall extend a sufficient distance from walls and footings to allow for placement and removal of forms, installation of services, and for inspection, except where concrete is authorized by the. Work procedure of excavation at construction site the constructor. An introduction to earthwork for foundations cedengineering. When paying plan quantities for excavation, the following procedures are to be followed. Earthwork shall consist of all necessary site clearing and grubbing, excavation and backfill for structures and trenches, site grading, grassing and restoration, as well as related work as shown on the plans and. They also prepare for the foundations of buildings and structures that are to be erected including site offices, grain storages, feedmill, workshop and cattle handling facilities and the levelling of. The volumes are computed by the average end area method.
Work procedure for excavation at construction site involves understanding of centre line and excavation drawings, setting out of plan on ground, excavation of soil and removal of excess soil. Excavation procedure a22895 page 8 of 12 incident reporting all nearmisses, accidents, incidents or damage to in ground services relating to the excavation covered by a ppa permit must be. It includes earthwork, trenching, wall shafts, tunneling and underground. Bulk earthworks create pens, runoff and drainage control, drains, roads, silage pits, buildings, sedimentation structures and holding ponds. The following should be carried out prior to commencement of excavation work or earthwork in or adjacent to bodies of water. Chapter 2 earthwork washington state department of. Shoring and bracing system shall be used whenever required to protect adjacent structure if any, in an excavation site or when the excavation side slope is steeper than those mention. The excavated soil is to either removed out the site or stocked around the. Take photos of excavation hazards, schedule inspections for your officials in the field, and generate pdf reports in real time.
There are many other special cases for different types of measurements and classes of excavation which may be encountered on a construction. All earthwork shall be confined to the construction area as shown on the plans, and shall be done. Excavation may also be measured on a lump sum basis. Construction manual m 4101 chapter 2 earthwork wsdot.
The procedure for excavation in rocks is different than excavation in ordinary soils. Excavation and embankment cut and fill civil engineering. In case of emergency, dial 000 or contact the control tower at eastern harbour port. Transfer benchmark on temporary permanent pillar nearby. The excavation, fill, and embankment construction procedure to. Earthwork construction transportation research board. If the bid schedule indicates a lump sum for earthwork, the. Division 20 earthwork revised 1108 standard construction specifications for earthwork division 20 section 20. Applicable to all the buildings and utilities at service base area, service berth area, fso marine and telecom buildings. Earthwork article about earthwork by the free dictionary.
Supervision of task typical name contact number contracts manager. This method statement outlines the procedure and methodology for earthworks operations including excavation, placement and compaction of materials. Section 2 earthworks standard specification for urban infrastructure works 25 edition 1, revision 0 september 2002 formation, ensure that the stream is a broad sheet flow which crosses roughly at right angles to the alignment and. An open cut type of excavation shall be applied with safe side slopes. Excavation and trenching procedures 2 p a g e 32018 policies, programs and procedures benching benching system a method of protecting employees from caveins by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or a series of horizontal levels or steps, usually with vertical or nearvertical surfaces between levels. Only when such measurements are not possible, pit measurements may be taken, but full measurements will be checked by e. Backfill grub holes with suitable spoil from excavations compacted in layers to.
Guidelines for earthwork in conversion projects were also issued in 1995. Earthwork basics and a traditional calculation method. Section 2 earthworks standard specification for urban infrastructure works 21 edition 1, revision 0 september 2002 contents 2 earthworks 22 2. This material is to be used for training purposes only. The testing procedure shall be developed using a turbidity meter which shall be. The use of groups of bulldozers two or three in a row enhances efficiency by increasing the capacity of each bulldozer because of reduced soil loss. Earthwork and site work nevada irrigation district. Bulldozers are used for shallow earthwork, planing, combined excavation banking work on slopes, leveling, and backfilling work with movement of the soil over distances of 100150 m. The scope of the excavation job varies from digging footings for a small building to moving millions of cubic yards of earth.
Sometimes in civil engineering term earthwork is used which include backfilling with new or original materials to voids, spreading and levelling over an area. This earth work may be either earth excavation or earth filling or some times both will get according to the desired. Daily excavation safety inspections should be conducted during project works. Some projects are still bid lump sum, but those are the exceptions. Method statement for excavation compaction and backfilling. Excavation is done by manual or machine means depending on the availability. Employees protected from loose rock or soil that could pose a hazard by falling or rolling into the excavation. It requires skilled manpower and specialized tools. Spoils, materials, and equipment set back at least two feet from the edge of the excavation. Excavation is the process of moving earth, rock or other materials with tools, equipment or explosives. Estimating excavation revised craftsman book company. Bulldozers are used for shallow earthwork, planing, combined excavationbanking work on slopes, leveling, and backfilling work with movement of the soil over distances of 100150 m. Quality checks such as recording ground level and marking of reference points should be done.
This method consists of averaging the cut and fill quantities of adjacent stations and multiplying by the distance between stations to produce cubic meters of excavation and embankment between the two stations. Eb 15025 page 5 of 30 the same standard sheet earthwork transitions and benching details describes the proper treatment of the transverse transitional embankment foundation at the interface where. Assessing the stability of the work surface determining the depth of water. For details on design and construction, the fhwa manual on.